The benefits of exercise are well known, at least their benefits in reducing diabetes, cardiovascular and
many other diseases. We sometimes talk about exercise and its positive impact on mood and reduction
of stress and anxiety but hardly ever its impact on the actual structural changes in the brain. Yes,
contrary to previously held beliefs the brain in some areas does continue to grow. It is not really like a
computer with fixed components or circuits, though this analogy of its function is often used. While
there is still some disagreement among scientists, there is significant evidence that growth does occur in
the adult brain. New brain cells or neurons can replicate in some areas of the brain. The areas of the
brain responsible for memory appear to be one of the areas where this occurs. Why would we want
brain cells to continue to replicate or grow? Because it is this incredible ability of the brain that helps in
the recovery from stroke and other injuries. An additional reason is to reduce the cognitive decline and
atrophy or decreasing brain size that comes with aging. Now this is good news because of the potential
for improving outcomes for some diseases like Alzheimer’s in the future.
Our knowledge of how the brain truly functions and its potential impact on many diseases is limited now
and many questions still exist. Are there specific actions individuals can take to enhance the growth of
new cells in the brain? The answer to that question is difficult. There are certainly lots of products and
nutrition supplements now being sold that are promoted for the improvement in brain health. But the
scientific basis for many of these claims does not exist. What is known however is that stimulation
provided by one’s environment plays a role. Additionally, it has been noted by researchers that exercise
enhances neurogenesis (the growth of brain cells or neurons) and exerts a “neuroprotective” effect.
Additionally, research indicates that certain foods may enhance neurogenesis. These include green leafy
vegetables, nuts, berries beans, whole grains, fish, poultry and olive oil to list some. Other foods such as
red meats, butter, fried foods, sweets, pastries etc. don’t. In other words, a healthy diet has a more
positive effect on the brain.
You may have heard this joke. Why are most adult neurons poor at math? Answer, they find it difficult
to multiply and divide. Not exactly a laugh out loud joke, but also this may not be necessarily true.
Clearly, we have a lot to learn about the brain. In the interim it surely won’t hurt to practice the healthy
behaviors that may help us to look better, feel better and maybe even think better.